Types of Acne – Acne is a skin disorder due to blockage of the sebaceous glands. Skin contains thousands of sebaceous glands that produce sebum (oil) that serves moisturize and protect the skin. Sebum produced by the sebaceous glands distributed through the hair follicles (pores) to the skin surface. Acne occurs when sebum that normally come out to the surface of the skin was clogged. Facial skin has a high density of sebaceous glands, especially in the area of the nose, forehead and cheeks. Sebaceous glands most of these are in the middle of the chest and back. Therefore, acne most often appears on the face, chest and back.
The cause of acne is unknown, but associated with hormonal activity in adolescence. In general, acne begins at age 10 to 15 years and will be lost when entering the age of 25 years, but in about 7% of people, acne continues until age 40, even 50 years. The main factors that cause acne is hormonal imbalance, food triggers, stress and lack of hygiene in total skin causing excessive sebum production, follicle blockage, infection and colonization of the bacteria Propionibacterium acne and inflammation (inflammation).
Types of Acne can be classified according to the type of lesion, if there is inflammation or not.
Non-inflammatory lesions
Follicular cast or filament
Usually located on the side of right and left nasal congestion pasty filled with sebum. With emphasis, the blockage can be removed.
Mikrokomedo
Mikrokomedo occurred before comedones (sebum is clogged) turned into a whitehead or a blackhead. Acne is not visible from the surface of the skin and can only be seen with a microscope.
Whitehead (Comedones closed)
Abnormalities in the form of small nodules with small holes or without holes because of sebum that normally accompanied the bacteria accumulate on the skin follicles and can not get out.
Blackhead (open Comedones)
Blackhead is usually the further development of closed comedones, occur when the follicles open at the surface of the skin so that the sebum, which contains the skin pigment melanin, oxidized and turned brown / black. Blackhead can be prolonged due to the drying process comedones on the skin surface was slow.
Inflammatory Lesions
Papel (papule)
Papel occurs when the walls of the hair follicles are damaged or broken off so that white blood cells and inflammation in the lining of the skin. Papel shaped soft reddish bumps on the skin without having the head. This type of acne is often referred to laymen as “cystic acne.”
Pustel (pustules)
Pustel happened a few days later when white blood cells to the surface of the skin. Pustel shaped red bumps with white or yellow dot in the center that contains white blood cells.
Nodules (nodule)
When the follicle rupture at the bottom then there is a big lump of inflammatory pain when touched. Nodes usually occurs due to inflammation by stimulating the hair fragments berangsung long.
Abscess
Sometimes some papel or pustel experience grouping with a reddish abscess formation, pain and tends to secrete a mixture of materials such as blood, pus and sebum. In the process of healing abnormalities extensive scar left net.
Sinus
The most severe type of acne (acne konglobata). Often there in the hollow side of the nose, nose, jaw and neck. Abnormalities in the form of a linear line with a length can reach 10 cm and containing some sinus tract or fistula connecting the sinus to the skin surface. Acne healing takes many months, even years and may recur again when experiencing inflammation. Sinus should be treated with surgery.